Iranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Phototherapy in dermatology: care, concerns and best practice amidst COVID-19 pandemic2811479910.22034/ijd.2020.114799ENSmitha SPrabhuDepartment of Dermatology &
Venereology, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India0000-0002-2410-5208Sathish BallambatPaiDepartment of Dermatology &
Venereology, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India0000-0003-0207-9050Manasa NarayanKayarkatteDepartment of Dermatology &
Venereology, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Udupi, Karnataka, India0000000333144361Journal Article20200617Phototherapy is an essential and useful therapeutic procedure wherein the properties of ultraviolet light are used to cure certain dermatological conditions like psoriasis, vitiligo, and atopic dermatitis. This is usually an office-based procedure dependent on the accurate use of sophisticated phototherapy units. Since the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic, phototherapy practices were shut down as they were considered as non-essential services. Here, we attempt to analyze how COVID-19 has affected phototherapy and seek to formulate a working guideline for safe phototherapy operations in these taxing circumstances. We used search engines like PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase to retrieve articles and guidelines regarding phototherapy in dermatology, using the pertinent search terms. There was a paucity of data with only a couple of research letters and guidelines by the British Association of Dermatology and the American Academy of Dermatology, as well as general guidelines issued by the Indian Association of Dermatologists, Venereologists and Leprologists.<br /> <br /> After a careful study of various modalities of phototherapy and viral inactivation, we collated a set of guiding instructions toward the appropriate utilization of phototherapy amidst the COVID-19 pandemic.<br /> <br /> Phototherapy is a viable option for selected patients even amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. However, local and national guidelines have to be followed while selecting the patient and operating the phototherapy machine with adequate protective measures for both the patient and the healthcare worker. Home phototherapy units and PUVASOL are good options for those patients who are unable to attend the phototherapy center due to various reasons.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114799_9e4877a7c556124e961493d03fdfc1f6.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Systemic retinoids in the COVID-19 era – are they helpful, safe, or harmful? a comprehensive systematized review91211484710.22034/ijd.2020.114847ENAfsaneh Sadeghzadeh-BazarganDepartment of Dermatology, Rasoul
Akram Hospital, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranElham BehrangiDepartment of Dermatology, Rasoul
Akram Hospital, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAzadeh GoodarziDepartment of Dermatology, Rasoul
Akram Hospital, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20200620Nowadays, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become a global health problem and, given the high mortality and transmission rate of this infection and the lack of approved or specific treatments for it so far, the exploitation of the potentials of existing drugs is of paramount importance, hence, we aimed to investigate all possible COVID-19-related mechanisms of systemic retinoids.<br /> We systematically searched all related evidence in various data bases about the effect of retinoic acids on respiratory failure as the most important COVID-19-related complication and the other important potentials of this drug to affect COVID pathomechanism. Considering the various behaviors and presentations of this virus in different people, paying attention to the underlying diseases, physical conditions, genetics, and medications that cause these differences may be helpful in reducing the mortality and morbidity of the disease. In the field of dermatology, retinoids are a group of drugs that have controversial evidence regarding their effects when administered to patients with COVID-19.<br /> On one hand, these drugs offer immunomodulatory, immuneenhancing, antiviral, and antiangiogenesis activity, and can stimulate the differentiation and repair of epithelial cells. On the other hand, they can increase inflammation and cause the fragility of oral and nasal mucosae. When prescribe systemic retinoids, all of these aspects should be considered in all fields of the medicine and dermatology is not an exception.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114847_a3963e39b6f1a67b746300a2e80b6ab0.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Cytokine storm and probable role of immunoregulatory drugs in COVID-19: a comprehensive review131811484810.22034/ijd.2020.114848ENAfsaneh Sadeghzadeh-BazarganDepartment of Dermatology, Rasoul
Akram Hospital, Iran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranElham BehrangiDepartment of Dermatology, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranAzadeh GoodarziDepartment of Dermatology, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranJournal Article20200620The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is currently the most important global health problem. Due to its pandemic state and high mortality rate, it is critical to find useful interventions that reduce the mortality rate and boost patient survival. Since there is no specific antiviral treatment for the disease and given the growing amount of data about the role of the inflammatory response and cytokine storm in increased disease severity, we evaluated the mechanisms and possible positive effects of some specific anti-inflammatory drugs on the disease course of COVID-19 and examined some suggested treatments in the form of a scoping review article. It is important to select patients who may benefit from these treatments without inflicting any serious adverse effects. In our view, in approaching COVID-19 patients, we should consider the severity of the body’s inflammatory response. Mild cases may not require additional anti-inflammatory treatment or at least should be treated with safer immunoregulatory drugs such as chloroquines, whereas in severe cases with an overactive immune response evidenced by high serum inflammatory marker levels (TNF, ESR, CRP, WBC count, LDH, ferritin) and severe lung involvement in chest images, stronger immunoregulatory drugs (targeted immunotherapy) such as TNF and kinase inhibitors may be considered as adjunctive treatments in combination with antiviral drugs. However, further precisely designed studies are needed to confirm the therapeutic effect and safety of each of these anti-inflammatory drugs in COVID-19 patients and to determine their optimal dose, route of administration, and possible side effects.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114848_9b1cdde60130c773bcb2587e77b7cfe0.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101COVID-19 pandemic and dermatoethics192311484910.22034/ijd.2020.114849ENAlireza KhatamiCenter for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-4175-5775Pegeen WalshOntario Public Health Association, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaJournal Article20200712The World Health Organization characterized the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), as a pandemic on March 11, 2020. According to official reports, over 12,300,000 individuals have caught the disease globally over the past six months. Like many other professions, the disease has affected private and academic dermatology practices around the world. The disease has diverse and extensive skin manifestations with implications for dermatology education and research. Some other issues that may concern dermatologists during the pandemic include ethics pertaining to the optimal use of scarce resources like certain drugs and personal protective equipment as well as surcharging patients and the potential of increasing the size of the preexisting health inequity gap. Considering all these issues, discussing the ethical aspects of dermatology, i.e., dermatoethics, during this pandemic is critical. Herein, we review the four basic biomedical ethics principles of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence, and justice in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114849_db528735b3944aca5f15773015d23b1a.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Application of Indian medicinal herbs for skin problems following safety measures against COVID-19243712051010.22034/ijd.2020.120510ENKuntal DasDepartment of Pharmacognosy and
Natural Product Chemistry, Krupanidhi
College of Pharmacy, Bengalore, India0000-0001-6118-5270Journal Article20200619The daily work plan of the human has changed dramatically due to the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The viral infection was first detected in Wuhan, China, and was first transmitted via the bat as a zoonotic disease that was confirmed in December 2019. On 30th January 2020, this viral outbreak was declared a public health emergency or epidemic. Subsequently, on 11th February 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a pandemic. The potentially lethal virus has become a threat to the global population. The WHO provides special precautions and instructions to people all around the world, among which the importance of wearing a face mask, gloves, and a head protector are discussed. Many healthcare workers (especially doctors and nurses) and common people suffer from skin infections with the use of a continuous face mask, gloves, or other protective items. In order to alleviate skin dermatitis, it is important to use well-known natural herbals in the search for new drug sources. It is advisable to use useful herbal extracts in sole or in combination as cosmetic products for the treatment of skin diseases. India is a focal point of medicinal plants. Many Indian herbal plants are essentially used as cosmetics to cure skin infections. Natural herbs are safe, non-toxic, and cost-efficient for treating skin dermatitis during the COVID-19 situation.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_120510_2a3e24d0ea9236776ede50b295f9854c.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101COVID-19 and cutaneous vasculopathy: what is known?385311485110.22034/ijd.2020.239494.1164ENAlireza HeiranStudent Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranFarhad HandjaniMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Dermatology Department, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-2444-0073Nasrin SakiMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Dermatology Department, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-9795-6898Maryam RezaeeMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Dermatology Department, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences,
Shiraz, IranJournal Article20200714The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the causative agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and possesses a tropism for multiple organs.
In this systematic review, we put together all relevant papers to assess the link between COVID-19 infection and acral lesions (particularly chilblain-like lesions) and to determine whether these lesions can be put together in a spectrum of manifestations.
Skin manifestations of COVID-19 vary, ranging from mostly acral chilblain-like, livedoid lesions or ischemia and necrosis to vesicular eruptions, maculopapular lesions, urticaria, oral or periorbital lesions, and drug eruptions.
A great deal of scientific evidence have focused on the peculiar erythematous and purpuric violaceous acral
lesions in young and healthy individuals resembling chilblains (pernio), leading the scientific community to investigate the association between these lesions and SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, this is suggestive that some COVID-19 skin manifestations like livedo reticularis and acral ischemia and necrosis might share
dermatopathologic features with thrombophilic states.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114851_64018e18a949ebbcd8ca85d9d7ab662b.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Dermatological concerns of healthcare workers (HCWs) amidst the COVID-19 pandemic545911485710.22034/ijd.2020.234890.1126ENShivam GoyalDepartment of Dermatology &
Venereology, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Karnataka, India0000-0003-3266-7785Smitha SPrabhuDepartment of Dermatology &
Venereology, Kasturba Medical
College, Manipal Academy of Higher
Education, Karnataka, India0000-0002-2410-5208M Mukhyaprana PrabhuDepartment of General Medicine,
Kasturba Medical College, Manipal
Academy of Higher Education,
Karnataka, India0000-0003-0679-3323Journal Article20200613At present, the whole world is going through the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which is taking its toll on healthcare workers (HCWs) as well as patients. In fact, HCWs are not only at risk of acquiring the disease but also suffer from various problems related to prolonged work in a stressful situation with full personal protective equipment (PPE), which may lead to adverse cutaneous effects We used search engines to look for data on the dermatological problems in HCWs owing to frequent handwashing and to the use of PPE. The search terms used were ‘COVID-19’, ‘healthcare worker’, ‘dermatoses’, ‘personal protective equipment’, and ‘hand hygiene.’
Healthcare workers are susceptible to various dermatoses caused by multiple confluent factors including working for long hours in PPE, which is usually snug-fitting and includes headgear, masks, goggles, gloves, boot covers, and surgical gowns. They also are subjected to frequent hand cleansing, often more than 20 times a day. All this has led to various dermatoses caused by friction, pressure, humidity, irritation, as well as allergic responses to the equipment used in almost all those who work for prolonged periods in PPE, as shown by various case series and reports. Steps are being formulated to minimize these adverse cutaneous effects through appropriate measures that must be taken by HCWs. Healthcare workers are susceptible to various dermatoses caused by excessive hand hygiene practices and prolonged usage of PPE.
Proper counseling minimizes the morbidity by promoting protective measures.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114857_0b66bf573fe38761b2d035c8f4efdb2b.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Skin manifestations in three cases of COVID-19 infection from Iran and a narrative literature review606611485210.22034/ijd.2020.114852ENMohammad Shahidi DadrasSkin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesSahar DadkhahfarSkin research center, Shahid Beheshti university of medical sciences.0000-0003-4058-2562Ayda BahmanjahromiSkin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranHannane SeifianSkin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranFahimeh AbdollahimajdSkin Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, IranClinical Research Development
Unit, Shohada-e Tajrish Hospital,
Shahid Beheshti University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran0000-0002-9463-0665Journal Article20200705The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a worldwide pandemic. In addition to pulmonary symptoms, reports of the involvement of other organs such as the skin are being published. We present the cases of three COVID-19 patients who presented with cutaneous manifestations and review the previous reports. Purpura and petechiae, erythematous papules and<br />macules, and urticarial eruptions are signs seen in the presented cases. Although a growing number of cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 have been reported, there is no doubt that further reports of both typical and atypical presentations are needed to confirm and understand skin involvement in COVID-19. Since COVID-19 manifests in various forms, dermatologists, as the<br />first line of dealing with patients who come with skin rashes, should always be aware of the early diagnosis of this disease.<br /><br />https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114852_cc1b28d69b5e09a9a716745fc75519ff.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Exploring the efficacy of the Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) vaccine in reducing the impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic677011485310.22034/ijd.2020.114853ENSantoshdev RathodDepartment of Dermatology
Venereology and Leprology, Smt
NHL Municipal Medical College,
Ahmedabad, India0000-0002-5343-3390Raju GChaudharyDepartment of Dermatology
Venereology and Leprology, Smt
NHL Municipal Medical College,
Ahmedabad, India0000-0003-4805-3059Tarun NarangDepartment of Dermatology
Venereology and Leprology,
Post Graduate institute of
Medical education and research,
Chandigarh, IndiaJournal Article20200611Vaccine makers are racing to develop COVID-19 vaccines and have advanced ten candidates into clinical trials. However, vaccine development is typically a lengthy process. A number of immune<br />response modifiers have also been explored for their efficacy in the management of COVID-19. In this short communication, we explore the possibility of using Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP) for the management of severely ill COVID-19 patients and its plausible role in the mitigation of severe disease in mildly infected patients. The MIP vaccine has a proven role in the prevention of leprosy to house-hold contacts of lepromatous leprosy, category-II tuberculosis patients, and patients with severe septicemia and low CD4 counts. It has also been used as an immune response modifier in patients with bladder carcinoma. Notably, this vaccine may be more efficacious than the BCG<br />vaccine. The possible benefits and risks of using such an agent are described in this article. The use of such an approach could be beneficial in resource-poor countries and countries where diseases like tuberculosis and leprosy are endemic.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114853_7cf1de8edd636c192fca9736bf1d92e9.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Practices for a safe dermatology clinic in the COVID and post-COVID eras717311485410.22034/ijd.2020.114854ENSanjeev GuptaDepartments of Dermatology,
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute
of Medical Sciences and Research
(MMDU), Mullana, Ambala, India0000-0001-5421-3480Ajinkya GujrathiDepartments of Dermatology,
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute
of Medical Sciences and Research
(MMDU), Mullana, Ambala, India0000-0002-8171-0826Aastha SharmaDepartments of Dermatology,
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute
of Medical Sciences and Research
(MMDU), Mullana, Ambala, IndiaSunita GuptaDepartment of General Medicine,
Maharishi Markandeshwar Institute
of Medical Sciences and Research
(MMDU), Mullana, Ambala, IndiaJournal Article20200619The COVID-19 pandemic has made it difficult for outpatient departments and hospitals to function normally. This has caused many patients to suffer due to a lack of regular follow-ups, with the unchecked progression of their disease further adding to their morbidity. With the advent of technology, many centers have adopted the practice of teledermatology, which has allowed<br />normal healthcare services to function to a certain extent. However, physical outpatient (private and institutional) clinics have also recently started accepting patients. Precautions like social distancing and sanitization have already been advised by various healthcare bodies but there are a few more general and specific (dermatologic) precautions for patients, staff and physicians that must be highlighted. As we move ahead navigating through these difficult times we must learn to adapt to the rapidly changing conditions and work toward establishing a safe environment for both patients and healthcare professionals.https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114854_7f113542da5ce4f858a5e5278f5c5185.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Skin and COVID-19: is there a lack of attention and should we be concerned?747511485510.22034/ijd.2020.114855ENMohammad Injamul HoqSchool of Public Health, Epidemiology and Social
Medicine at the Institute of Medicine, University of
Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, SwedenShafayet Ahmed SiddiquiDepartment of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and
Technology University, Noakhali, BangladeshMohammed Abu SayeedDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science
and Engineering, International Islamic University
Chittagong, Chattogram, BangladeshMd. JakariaThe Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental
Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville,
Australia0000-0001-8216-1171Journal Article20200618https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114855_36840d06faa2791d188efa321dc80ac9.pdfIranian Society of DermatologyIranian Journal of Dermatology2717-072123Suppl.1(COVID-19)20201101Ellagic acid can be possible adjuvant treatment for COVID- 19 disease767711485610.22034/ijd.2020.239431.1163ENMohamad Reza NamaziDepartment of Dermatology, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranNasrin SakiDepartment of Dermatology, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-9795-6898Maryam HadibarhaghtalabDepartment of Dermatology, Shiraz University of
Medical Sciences, Shiraz, IranMolecular Dermatology Research Center, Shiraz
University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran0000-0002-6377-2126Journal Article20200713https://www.iranjd.ir/article_114856_072167970321cac15a92c16c4a4bd08e.pdf