Siti Nurhidayah Pazil; Maryam Mohd Zulkifli; Rosediani Muhamad; Loh Ken Chen
Abstract
The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has prevented opportunistic infections that often lead to death in HIV-positive patients. However, in resource-poor countries, HAART is only initiated at an advanced stage. This could lead to the antiretroviral-induced immune reconstitution syndrome ...
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The use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has prevented opportunistic infections that often lead to death in HIV-positive patients. However, in resource-poor countries, HAART is only initiated at an advanced stage. This could lead to the antiretroviral-induced immune reconstitution syndrome or the immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). The most frequently implicated pathogens associated with these syndromes are mycobacteria, varicella-zoster, herpes viruses, and cytomegalovirus. There are few numbers of case reports of leprosy that have an association with HIV. Meanwhile, lepra reactions are immunological phenomena that can occur before, during, or at the end of multi-drug treatment (MDT). Here, we report the case of a 39-year-old man who presented with four hypoesthetic skin lesions with left ulnar nerve thickening after two months on antiretroviral treatment. He was diagnosed with borderline tuberculoid leprosy as his slit-skin smear showed negative results with four skin lesions and his skin biopsy revealed tuberculoid leprosy with perineural involvement. The patient was started on the paucibacillary MDT regime consisting of dapsone and rifampicin. However, he developed two new hypoesthetic skin lesions over the left gluteal region and left arm, thus being switched to multibacillary MDT. He further developed a type 1 lepra reaction after one month of the regime, though this was successfully treated with prednisolone.
Balighi Kamran; Soori Tahereh; Fouladi Negar
Volume 16, Issue 3 , 2013, , Pages 105-108
Abstract
Background: Mucocutaneous manifestations may occur inevery stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Some of them may be the first presentations. In this study, weevaluated the prevalence of dermatologic manifestations as thefirst presentations of HIV/AIDS in 25 Iranian patients.Method: In ...
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Background: Mucocutaneous manifestations may occur inevery stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.Some of them may be the first presentations. In this study, weevaluated the prevalence of dermatologic manifestations as thefirst presentations of HIV/AIDS in 25 Iranian patients.Method: In a cross sectional study, we evaluated 25 new casesof HIV infection whose HIV infections were diagnosed duringwork up for their recent dermatological problems. The type ofmucocutaneous manifestations and general information suchas age, sex, risk factors, dermatologic problem duration andeducational level was recorded in a questionnaire.Result: Warts (anogenital and generalized warts) were the mostcommon cutaneous manifestation in new HIV infected patients(36%) followed by psoriasis and cutaneous abscess.Conclusion: Some mucocutaneous diseases such as anogenital orgeneralized warts, psoriasis, and cutaneous abscess may presentas the first manifestation of HIV infection.
Asadi-Kani Zahra; Qeisari Mehdi; Taheri Shahrzad Azizaddini Allahiar; Sarlak Mojdeh
Volume 13, Issue 3 , 2010, , Pages 99-102
Abstract
Leishmaniasis affects 1.5-2 million new cases in the world annually. Two major complications of cutaneous leishamaniasis include diffuse cutaneous leishamaniasis (DCL ) occurring in the setting of deficient cell mediated immunity, typically with HIV infection, and chronic cutaneous leishamaniasis (CCL ...
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Leishmaniasis affects 1.5-2 million new cases in the world annually. Two major complications of cutaneous leishamaniasis include diffuse cutaneous leishamaniasis (DCL ) occurring in the setting of deficient cell mediated immunity, typically with HIV infection, and chronic cutaneous leishamaniasis (CCL ) developing in approximately 4% of L. tropica infections in Iran and Afghanistan which also may complicate vaccination with a live strain of leishmania (leishmanization). The Iran – Iraq war took place in a hyper endemic area of Old-World cutaneous leishmaniasis. We report two Iranian soldiers who were both infected in the battle field and presented several years after the war; one was an HIV positive patient with DCL and the other was a previously leishmaniazed patient with CCL.
