Bhola Nath; Shiv Dutt Gupta; Ranjeeta Kumari
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that affects all the body’s organ systems, including the dermatologic system. Skin lesions can cause discomfort, harm one’s quality of life (QOL), and increase treatment costs. The objective of conducting this study was to compare ...
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Background: Diabetes mellitus is a non-communicable disease that affects all the body’s organ systems, including the dermatologic system. Skin lesions can cause discomfort, harm one’s quality of life (QOL), and increase treatment costs. The objective of conducting this study was to compare the proportion of dermatologic comorbidities, the direct cost of treatment, and the QOL between cases and controls.Methods: The study was conducted in a medical college hospital in the hilly region of Uttarakhand using a case-control design. Cases were recruited from the Outpatient Department (OPD) and controls from the hospital. Comparisons were made for the presence of skin diseases between 195 patients with diabetes andan equal number of age and gender-matched non-diabetics. The independent t-test was used to compare QOL and treatment cost between the two groups.Results: The risk of skin diseases was 5.3 times higher in cases than in controls. The proportion of skin diseases in cases was 36.4% versus 9.7% in controls. Limitations: There is a probability that the QOL scores could be lower and the treatment cost higher than that observed.Conclusion: The proportion of skin disorders and the mean direct cost of treatment was reported to be significantly higher among cases.
Nikoo Mozafari; Fariba Ghalamkarpour; Zohreh Rakhshan
Abstract
Background: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the development of flaccid blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. Detection of anti-desmoglein (Dsg) 1 and anti- Dsg3 antibodies are frequently used for diagnosing the disease and evaluating disease activity. Recently, ...
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Background: Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune disease characterized by the development of flaccid blisters on the skin and mucous membranes. Detection of anti-desmoglein (Dsg) 1 and anti- Dsg3 antibodies are frequently used for diagnosing the disease and evaluating disease activity. Recently, the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and mean platelet volume (MPV) were introduced as new biomarkers indicating inflammation in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. We aimed to evaluate the possible associations of NLP, PLR, and MPV with pemphigus disease severity and anti-Dsg1/3 levels.Methods: Thirty-three newly diagnosed cases of PV and 33 age and sex-matched controls were included in this study. A complete blood count (CBC) was obtained from the participants to evaluate NLP, PLR, and MPV. Serological anti-Dsg1/3 and Autoimmune Bullous Skin Disorder Intensity Score (ABSIS) were assessed in patients based on ELISA assay and clinical examination, respectively.Results: The median (interquartile range) NLR and PLR values in patients were 2.50 (1.94–6.59) and 90.30 (71.60–196.80), respectively, compared with 1.69 (1.45–2.30) and 56.00 (50.00–85.00) in controls. The NLR and PLR were significantly higher in patients than in controls (P < 0.001 for both). However, no significant difference regarding MPV levels was detected. Neither the ABSIS nor the anti- Dsg1/3 levels correlated with the studied inflammatory markers.Conclusion: Our study revealed that NLR and PLR are elevated in patients with PV but do not correlate with disease activity (evaluated by the ABSIS) or anti-Dsg1/3 levels. These laboratory parameters can be considered inflammatory markers of PV but cannot predict the disease activity.
Saman Ahmad Nasrollahi; Zaynab Variji; Zahra Ghasemi; Somayeh Yadangi; Aniseh Samadi; Alireza Firooz
Abstract
Background: Cellulite is a cosmetic problem, especially in women. We compared the safety and efficacy of a herbal anti-cellulite lotion with a placebo in a randomized, double-blind, right-left comparison clinical trial.Methods: Ten healthy women (22-58 years) with cellulite (grades 2-4) participated ...
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Background: Cellulite is a cosmetic problem, especially in women. We compared the safety and efficacy of a herbal anti-cellulite lotion with a placebo in a randomized, double-blind, right-left comparison clinical trial.Methods: Ten healthy women (22-58 years) with cellulite (grades 2-4) participated in this study. The anti-cellulite lotion and placebo were applied twice daily on the thighs and buttocks for two months. Treated areas were photographed, and the thigh circumference, subcutaneous fat thickness, and dermal echo density were assessed and compared before and after the treatment. The satisfaction of the participants was also assessed.Results: A comparable improvement in cellulite grade was detected by a blinded dermatologist on both treatment sides. Cellulite improved much in one participant, improved in six, and did not change in three participants. The dermis thickness increased compared with placebo after two months (P = 0.046). A significant reduction was observed in subcutaneous fat thickness on the treated side (P = 0.03). However, the decrease was not significant on the placebo site. There was an increase in the echo density of the dermis in the treatment site, though it was not statistically significant. Both products were well tolerated, and none of the participants experienced skin burning or itching.Conclusion: The studied anti-cellulite lotion reduced the thickness of subcutaneous fat and increased the dermis thickness without serious adverse effects.
Komalpreet Kaur; Jasleen Kaur; Saurabh Sharma
Abstract
Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a non-scarring form of patterned hair loss characterized by the miniaturization of terminal hair into vellus hair. The scalp biopsy was once considered an ideal tool for diagnosing the disease, though dermatoscopy has emerged as a reliable technique that can ...
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Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a non-scarring form of patterned hair loss characterized by the miniaturization of terminal hair into vellus hair. The scalp biopsy was once considered an ideal tool for diagnosing the disease, though dermatoscopy has emerged as a reliable technique that can aid in the diagnosis and monitor the disease severity.Methods: A total of 68 patients (38 males and 30 females) in the age group of 21-70 years attending the dermatology outpatient department in 1 year were included in the study. A detailed history was taken, followed by a scalp examination. The type of hair loss in each patient was documented. Then, a dermatoscopic examination was done using a Dermlite DL4 dermoscope.Results: Hair thickness heterogeneity was the most common dermatoscopic feature seen in all the patients of male and female pattern hair loss. There was a positive correlation between some dermatoscopic variables such as yellow dots and perifollicular pigmentation with the disease severity. Yellow dots were seen in the late stages of AGA (P < 0.01), while perifollicular pigmentation was observed in the early stages of AGA (P < 0.01).Conclusions: Trichoscopy is a simple and non-invasive office tool that aids in diagnosing AGA. It allows the various sections of hair to be examined simultaneously and obviates the need for a scalp biopsy. Besides this, it helps assess the disease severity and the photographic documentation at each visit helps monitor the response to treatment.
Saman Mohammadi; Nasim Askari; Maryam Khalili; Rezvan Amiri; Mahin Aflatoonian
Abstract
Background: The increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been established in chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Patients with metabolic syndrome have a higher mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease and malignancy. In this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was evaluated in lichen ...
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Background: The increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome has been established in chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Patients with metabolic syndrome have a higher mortality rate due to cardiovascular disease and malignancy. In this study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome was evaluated in lichen planus patients compared with a control group in Kerman, southeast Iran.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study on 90 patients with lichen planus and 90 healthy participants from the Dermatology Clinic of Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran. Demographic features of the patients and clinical features of the lesions were recorded. Then, parameters of metabolic syndrome were evaluated in both groups. The independent t-test and chi-squared test were used to compare quantitative and qualitative variables, respectively.Results: There was no significant difference in demographic features of the participants between the two groups. Metabolic syndrome was significantly more prevalent in the lichen planus group (62.6%) than in the control group (14.4%) (P = 0.001). Metabolic syndrome parameter values (except waist circumference) were significantly higher in the lichen planus group than in the control group. Lichen planus patients with metabolic syndrome had a significantly higher percentage of mucosal involvement (66.1%) than lichen planus patients without metabolic syndrome (44.1%). Lichen planus patients with metabolic syndrome were significantly older than those without metabolic syndrome.Conclusions: This study observed a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in lichen planus patients relative to controls. Furthermore, lichen planus patients with metabolic syndrome had significantly higher age, mucosal involvement, and body mass index than lichen planus patients without metabolic syndrome.
Rohit Singla; Kritika Singla; Saurabh Swaroop Gupta; Sanjeev Gupta; Aneet Mahendra; Akriti Gakhar
Abstract
Background: Multiple studies indicate the correlation between lichen planus (LP) and certain systemic disorders. Data suggest an increased incidence of dyslipidemia with LP. Abnormal lipid levels are major risk factors for developing atherosclerotic changes and cardiovascular disorders (CVD). Non-high-density ...
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Background: Multiple studies indicate the correlation between lichen planus (LP) and certain systemic disorders. Data suggest an increased incidence of dyslipidemia with LP. Abnormal lipid levels are major risk factors for developing atherosclerotic changes and cardiovascular disorders (CVD). Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is a reliable marker for cardiovascular events. If non-HDL-C levels are raised in LP patients, it would mean that these individuals are high-risk patients and should be investigated periodically. We aimed to find non-HDL-C serum levels in cases of lichen planus and compare them with controls.Methods: We compared lipid profiles between 100 cases of LP and 50 healthy controls.Results: Non-HDL-C levels were significantly higher in cases than controls (P = 0.002). The non-HDL-C level was elevated in 67% of LP cases, compared to 42% of controls.Conclusions: We demonstrated higher levels of non-HDL-C in LP patients than in controls, confirming the increased risk of CVDs in LP patients.
Maryam Khalili; Saman Mohammadi; Rezvan Amiri; Romina Ahmaditabatabaei; Mahin Aflatoonian
Abstract
Background: Alopecia areata is a non-cicatricial alopecia that profoundly affects patients’ quality of life. In this study, we evaluated the influence of demographic and clinical features of alopecia areata patients on their quality of life.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on alopecia ...
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Background: Alopecia areata is a non-cicatricial alopecia that profoundly affects patients’ quality of life. In this study, we evaluated the influence of demographic and clinical features of alopecia areata patients on their quality of life.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on alopecia areata patients at the Dermatology Clinic of Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman. Firstly, demographic features and clinical data were collected. Then, the severity of alopecia areata [based on the severity of alopecia tool (SALT) score] and quality of life of the patients [using dermatology life quality index (DLQI) and child dermatology life quality index (CDLQI)] were calculated. Finally, the impacts of the patient’sdemographic and clinical features on quality of life were evaluated via multivariate logistic regression.Results: One hundred and thirty-five patients with alopecia areata were enrolled in the study. The mean SALT score was 6.63 ± 6.34 (range 2–64). Mean DLQI scores for mild and moderate cases of AA were 7.4 and 12.5, respectively (P = 0.57). Females had significantly higher DLQI scores compared to males. Furthermore, patients with negative family history of alopecia areata had significantly higher DLQI scores than patients with positive family history (P = 0.03).Conclusion: We found no significant difference in quality of life between patients with different alopecia areata severities. However, females and patients with a negative family history of alopecia experienced significantly greater negative impacts on quality of life than males and those with a positive family history.
Maryam Khalili; Simin Shamsi Meymandi; Mahin Aflatoonian; Ali Bagheri
Abstract
Background: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer, constituting nearly 80% of non-melanoma skin cancers. In this study, for the first time in Kerman, the clinicopathological features of basal cell carcinoma in patients referred to Afzalipour Hospital were evaluated.Methods: This is a retrospective, ...
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Background: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common skin cancer, constituting nearly 80% of non-melanoma skin cancers. In this study, for the first time in Kerman, the clinicopathological features of basal cell carcinoma in patients referred to Afzalipour Hospital were evaluated.Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study on 145 skin biopsy samples with a diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma in Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman. Demographic features of patients and clinical and pathologic types of basal cell carcinoma were recorded. Then, the correlation between clinical or histological types with demographic features was evaluated using the chi-squared test.Results: Ninety-four (64.8%) of the cases were male, and the mean age of the patients was 68.12 ± 14.54 (min = 15, max = 101) years. The most and the least common sites of involvement were the nose (35.9%) and trunk (0.7%), respectively. The most common clinical (76.5%) and pathological subtypes (71.03%) were nodular. The least common clinical (6.3%) and pathological types (2.1%) were morpheaform. There was no significant correlation between histopathological or clinical types with demographic features including age and sex. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between sex and the site of the involvement or age of the patients.Conclusion: In this study, most patients were between 60-79 years of age, and the male-to-female ratio was 1.8 to 1. Nodular and morpheaform types were the most and the least common pathological and clinical types, respectively.
Reza Mahmoud Robati
Akbar Mokhtarpour neilagh; Farzam Alizadeh; Mehdi Aghazadeh Barenji; Shahin Behrouz Sharif; Amin Sedokani
Abstract
Background: Vitiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by the selective destruction of melanocytes, culminating in white macules on the skin. It usually begins at an early age; however, late-onset vitiligo also may occur. The disease burden arising from the psychological effects, ...
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Background: Vitiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by the selective destruction of melanocytes, culminating in white macules on the skin. It usually begins at an early age; however, late-onset vitiligo also may occur. The disease burden arising from the psychological effects, especially during childhood, highlights the importance of epidemiological studies of this disease and investigations of differences of disease features between earlyonset and late-onset forms.Methods: A total of 234 vitiligo patients were included in this study and divided into two groups considering the age of onset. The disease characteristics and clinicopathological features of the patients were obtained and compared using written questionnaires.Results: Overall, 25.6% of patients were early-onset and the mean of age in this group was 18.86 years compared with 37.14 years in the late-onset group. The most frequent involvement sites for the early-onset and late-onset groups were the eyelid and hand, respectively. A significant difference was observed between the groups regarding thyroid disorder as a comorbid disease.Conclusion: Marked differences in clinical features were present between patients with early-onset and late-onset vitiligo. Females were more prevalent in the early-onset group and the frequency of thyroid disorder was less relative to the late-onset group. Further studies with different age cut-offs for categorizing early and late-onset vitiligo seem necessary.
Abbas Darjani; Ehsan Aboutaleb; Narges Alizadeh; Rana Rafiei; Kaveh Gharaee Nejad; Sahar Nabatchii; Elahe Rafiei; Zahra Atrkar Roushan; Hojat Eftekhari
Abstract
Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease. Choosing an appropriate treatment modality is important. We compared benzoyl peroxide 5% gel vs. new topical dapsone 5% gel in combination with doxycycline to improve acne.Methods: In a clinical trial, 60 cases with acne vulgaris aged 18-25 years were ...
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Background: Acne vulgaris is a common skin disease. Choosing an appropriate treatment modality is important. We compared benzoyl peroxide 5% gel vs. new topical dapsone 5% gel in combination with doxycycline to improve acne.Methods: In a clinical trial, 60 cases with acne vulgaris aged 18-25 years were divided randomly into two groups, DD (dapsone 5% gel plus oral 100 mg doxycycline) and BD (benzoyl peroxide 5% gel plus oral 100 mg doxycycline). Topical dapsone 5% gel was made for the first time at Guilan University of Medical Sciences. The lesion counts, side effects, and acne severity (GAAS) were examined at baseline, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Satisfaction and improvement were assessed after 12 weeks. The Mann-Whitney, chi-squared, Wilcoxon, and Friedman tests were used for statistical analysis in SPSS v. 21.Results: Inflammatory and non-inflammatory lesions were similar between the groups. Lesions were reduced within groups (P > 0.05). GAAS scores were similar between groups but decreased in both groups after 12 weeks (P = 0.003). Side effects (especially skin dryness) were less in the BD group after 12 weeks (P = 0.017), though erythema and skin irritation were less in the DD group (P > 0.05). Both groups reported a similar improvement rate (85%). However, satisfaction was more in the DD group (78%).Conclusion: The new dapsone 5% gel seems to be as effective as benzoyl peroxide 5% in combination with doxycycline. Considering its good tolerability, safety, and acceptability, it is suggested as an appropriate treatment for moderate acne vulgaris. (Clinical trial number: IRCT2017072035195N1)
Azadeh Mohebbi; Rezvan Amiri; Nasim Nejadsajadi; Maryam Khalili; Saman Mohammadi; Abnoos Mokhtari; Mahin Aflatoonian; Zahra Rahnama
Abstract
Background: The association of cherry angioma with metabolic syndrome and fatty liver has been proposed in a few studies. This study evaluated the prevalence of cherry angiomas in patients with type II diabetes mellitus compared with healthy adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on ...
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Background: The association of cherry angioma with metabolic syndrome and fatty liver has been proposed in a few studies. This study evaluated the prevalence of cherry angiomas in patients with type II diabetes mellitus compared with healthy adults.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with type II diabetes mellitus and 100 age and sex-matched healthy adults. Demographic features of the participants and the location and number of the lesions were recorded. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16. Mean ± standard deviation and frequency were used for quantitative analysis. The chi-squared test and independent t-test were utilized to evaluate the association of qualitative and quantitative data with the number of cherry angiomas, respectively.Results: Cherry angiomas were more prevalent in the diabetes group (47%) than in controls (30%) (P = 0.013). Lesions in diabetic patients were more prevalent in females than males (P = 0.042). Furthermore, the number of lesions in the diabetes group significantly increased parallel to aging (P = 0.004).Conclusion: In the present study, significantly more cherry angiomas were observed in patients with type II diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls. Furthermore, the number of lesions was higher in females and elderly subjects in the diabetes group.
Hiader Kadhim Alrubaye; Khalil Ismail Alhamdi; Jamal Ahmed Abdel Barry; Majid Hameed Alabbood
Abstract
Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory, and proliferative disease. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with psoriasis may have an increased risk of developingcoronary artery disease. High serum lipid levels have been suggested in the pathogenesis of this ...
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Background: Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, inflammatory, and proliferative disease. Previous studies have demonstrated that patients with psoriasis may have an increased risk of developingcoronary artery disease. High serum lipid levels have been suggested in the pathogenesis of this phenomenon. Accumulating evidence suggests that apolipoprotein B is superior to other lipidparameters in predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. This study aimed to examine the differences in the lipid profile and apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B levels between psoriatic patients and healthy subjects.Methods: This was a case-control, cross-sectional study. A total of 93 psoriatic patients and 113 healthy individuals were enrolled. This study was conducted at the outpatient department of dermatology in Alsader Teaching Hospital, Basra, Iraq. The serum level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A-I and apolipoprotein B were measured.Results: The psoriatic patients had significantly higher levels of TC, TG, VLDL-C, LDL-C, and apolipoprotein B compared with the control group.Conclusion: Lipid profile values were significantly higher among patients with psoriasis than normal controls. Early screening and treatment of hyperlipidemia in these patients are advisable toprevent atherosclerosis and its complications. Apolipoprotein B may serve as a marker for dyslipidemia and CVD in patients with psoriasis.
Farbod Amiri; Laya Ohadi; Shaghayegh Shahrigharahkoshan; Sahar Dadkhahfar; RM Robati
Abstract
Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been considered a major health issue. Even in the initial days of the pandemic, dermatologists faced several challenges in preventing, diagnosing, and treating COVID-19. Like other physicians, dermatologists encountered several ethical issues. ...
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Since December 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been considered a major health issue. Even in the initial days of the pandemic, dermatologists faced several challenges in preventing, diagnosing, and treating COVID-19. Like other physicians, dermatologists encountered several ethical issues. Dermatologists have served a significant role as front liners, focusing on the cutaneous manifestations of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The COVID-19 pandemic affected medical practice significantly. Due to the health emergencies caused by SARS-CoV-2, medical students’ education, patients’ prioritization, care, and cosmetic procedures were affected. Additionally, new strategies were devised to reduce the risk of transmission. This review article examines the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on dermatology practice. We reviewed 33 articles following a search of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles studying how COVID-19 affected dermatology practice.
Amruta P. Dhotre; Sudhir P. Singh; Bhushan Madke; Adarshlata Singh; Sugat Jawade
Abstract
Background: Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) is characterized by discrete, multiple, round-to-oval hypopigmented macules of approximately 2-5 mm diameter, especially on the forearms and pretibial area,which increase in number with aging. Recent focus has been on therapeutic ...
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Background: Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis (IGH) is characterized by discrete, multiple, round-to-oval hypopigmented macules of approximately 2-5 mm diameter, especially on the forearms and pretibial area,which increase in number with aging. Recent focus has been on therapeutic wounding, which stimulates melanocytes from the periphery and surrounding hair follicles to proliferate, migrate, and repigment the lesions. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy of trichloroacetic (TCA) 50% application and dermabrasion in IGH patients.Methods: Twenty patients of IGH were enrolled after considering various inclusion and exclusion criteria. IGH lesions over the right side were treated with trichloroacetic acid (TCA) 50% witha cotton-tipped applicator. IGH lesions over the left side were treated with dermabrasion.Results: Of the 153 macules in 20 patients, all 81 macules in the dermabrasion group showed some repigmentation, whereas 7 (9.7%) out of 72 macules treated with 50% TCA Touch™ showedno improvement. At the end of 3 months, repigmentation up to 25%, between 25–50%, and between 51–75% was seen in 18.5%, 66.7%, and 14.8% of lesions treated with dermabrasion, respectively. This is while TCA 50% touch-treated macules showed up to 25% and between 25–50% repigmentation in 48.6% and 41.7% of instances, respectively.Conclusion: The analysis suggested that both dermabrasion and TCA 50% Touch are effective in the treatment of IGH. Dermabrasion proved to be more effective than TCA peel and can be tried before or with the medical line of therapy in the treatment of IGH.
Vito Filbert Jayalie; Henry Kodrat
Abstract
Background: Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative skin disorder. Surgery has a high recurrence rate as the treatment of choice to instantly eliminate the lesion, so adjuvant radiotherapy may be useful. This article aims to discuss case reports and present a systematic review of external beam radiation ...
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Background: Keloid is a benign fibroproliferative skin disorder. Surgery has a high recurrence rate as the treatment of choice to instantly eliminate the lesion, so adjuvant radiotherapy may be useful. This article aims to discuss case reports and present a systematic review of external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) as an adjuvant in postoperative keloid management.Methods: Case reports were obtained from patients in our institution. Informed consent was obtained for each patient. Articles found on literature search from Pubmed and Scopus were processed following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses and Centre of Evidence-Based Medicine University of Oxford guidelines. The risk of bias was rated using the Cochrane risk of bias tool.Results: We reported the cases of two Asian women aged 18 and 23 years old with a history of injury to the earlobe before keloid formation. Postoperative radiotherapy was administered within 7 hours, with an 8-months follow-up showing no recurrence and grade 1 toxicity. Five articles appraised in this review suggested a lower recurrence rate for postoperative radiotherapy compared to steroid injection and conventional surgery (11.5 vs. 26.67 vs. 33%). Brachytherapy had a lower recurrence rate than external radiation but was limited by the need for a special applicator. The side effects of all treatment modalities in this study were well-tolerated.Conclusion: Postoperative EBRT is a promising modality to minimize the risk of recurrence with low toxicity for keloid lesions. More randomized control trials are needed to better understand the role of EBRT in keloid management.
Soheila Nasiri; Niloufar Najar Nobari; Shirin Zaresharifi; Nooshin Zaresharifi
Abstract
B-cell lymphomas represent most non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) arising within lymph nodes, and about 27% of patients have extranodal involvement. Primary cutaneous lymphoma is defined as malignant lymphoma limited to the skin at diagnosis. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of ...
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B-cell lymphomas represent most non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) arising within lymph nodes, and about 27% of patients have extranodal involvement. Primary cutaneous lymphoma is defined as malignant lymphoma limited to the skin at diagnosis. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common form of NHL, accounting for over one-third of all lymphomas. Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCDLBCL) is a type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma with skin involvement as the first and only site of involvement. Primary cutaneous diffuse large B-cell lymphoma typically presents as a rapid-growing, red or bluish nodule or tumor on the legs, though around 10–15% of patients present with lesions elsewhere. This case report illustrates a rare manifestation of PCDLBCL presenting as a non-healing, rapidly progressive ulcer in the groin area diagnosed based on histopathology and immunohistochemical expression. The patient was treated successfully with systemic chemotherapy. This report could have implications for clinicians to consider the diagnosis of PCDLBCL in patients with unusual, non-healing, chronic ulcers, especially in the elderly, despite the anatomic site of the lesions.
Sam K Touisserkani; Azin Ayatollahi; Kambiz Kamyab
Abstract
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a malignant, slowgrowing, locally aggressive tumor of the skin with a high rate of recurrence. It is a very uncommon malignant skin tumor, especially in the head and neck area (10-15% of cases). This case report discusses a rare case of scalp DFSP.
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Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a malignant, slowgrowing, locally aggressive tumor of the skin with a high rate of recurrence. It is a very uncommon malignant skin tumor, especially in the head and neck area (10-15% of cases). This case report discusses a rare case of scalp DFSP.
Nasim Niknezhad; Behnaz Hamedani; Abbas Zamanian; Reza Mahmoud Robati; Elnaz Hamedani
Abstract
Introduction: Acne vulgaris affects individuals of all ages, and isotretinoin is the most effective treatment available for this disease. However, serious adverse effects, including the possibility of depression and suicide, could limit its use. This study aimed to investigate the ...
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Introduction: Acne vulgaris affects individuals of all ages, and isotretinoin is the most effective treatment available for this disease. However, serious adverse effects, including the possibility of depression and suicide, could limit its use. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of depression in patients with acne vulgaris treated with oral isotretinoin.Materials and Methods: Forty acne vulgaris patients treated with oral isotretinoin and 40 age- and sex-matched controls treated with a systemic antibiotic (doxycycline 100-200 mg/day) and atopical retinoid were enrolled in this study. The depression score was measured based on Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI) in both groups before and after two months of treatment.Result: The BDI score and the rate of depression were not significantly different between the two groups after the twomonth treatment period. Moreover, we did not find any significant change in BDI score in each group after treatment (P > 0.05).Conclusion: Our study showed that short-course oral isotretinoin therapy does not increase the depression rate among acne vulgaris patients. It should be noted that oral isotretinoin causesa significant clinical improvement in patients with moderate to severe acne vulgaris, which could be associated with a decrease in depression scores.
Omid Zargari; Seyyede Zeinab Azimi; Seyyed Alireza Mesbah
Abstract
Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a rare tumor of the head and neck region, most commonly affecting the elderly male. Its presentation varies from a small plaque to multifocal nodules. Differentiating this tumor from other conditions, such as hemangiomas, Kaposi sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and rosacea, ...
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Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a rare tumor of the head and neck region, most commonly affecting the elderly male. Its presentation varies from a small plaque to multifocal nodules. Differentiating this tumor from other conditions, such as hemangiomas, Kaposi sarcoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and rosacea, is sometimes difficult. Herein, we present a case of a 73-year-old male with a small oozing lesion on the scalp for more than two months. He had a history of scalp irradiation for tinea capitis in his childhood. Also, he experienced multiple basal cell carcinomas on his scalp a few years ago. Skin biopsy revealed infiltrations of malignant neoplastic lesions composed of proliferated pleomorphic tumoral cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and some epithelioid features arranged as sheets and irregularly shaped vascular spaces mostly devoid of red blood cells. Neoplastic cells were diffuse and strongly positive for D2-40, CD31, CD34, and Ki67 but negative for C-myc and CK. Cutaneous angiosarcoma should be considered in the differential diagnoses of scalp lesions, particularly in older men.
Emadodin Darchini-Maragheh; Sara Fakhraei; Pouran Layegh
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare, autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome caused by mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene. We describe a patient with a prior confirmed diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), who presented with new cutaneous manifestations that led to the diagnosis ...
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Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is a rare, autosomal dominant hereditary syndrome caused by mutations of the MEN1 tumor suppressor gene. We describe a patient with a prior confirmed diagnosis of pemphigus vulgaris (PV), who presented with new cutaneous manifestations that led to the diagnosis of MEN1. A man in his early forties with a history of PV from 11 years ago presented with some cutaneous lesions six months ago, diagnosed as angiofibroma and collagenoma. Moreover, he suffered from recurrent renal stones and gout for several years. Laboratory analysis showed hypercalcemia, which led us to confirm the diagnosis of a parathyroid adenoma by sestamibi scintigraphy. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed hyper-enhancing pancreatic lesions while the patient had no related symptoms. Thus, the clinical diagnosis of MEN1 syndrome was settled, and the patient underwent surgical and medical management. A hitherto unreported cooccurrence between MEN-1, as a hereditary syndrome, and PV, as an autoimmune bullous cutaneous dermatosis, opens a hazy challenging issue: whether MEN-1 has any association with autoimmune bullous cutaneous diseases like PV or increases the incidence of such conditions.
Sonal Agarwala; Shashikant Malkud
Abstract
Background: Vitiligo is an acquired condition resulting from the progressive loss of melanocytes. It may be associated with disorders of pigmented tissues of the eyes and ears, and withdisorders of the endocrine organs. Aim: To study the clinico-demographic profile of vitiligo patientsand ...
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Background: Vitiligo is an acquired condition resulting from the progressive loss of melanocytes. It may be associated with disorders of pigmented tissues of the eyes and ears, and withdisorders of the endocrine organs. Aim: To study the clinico-demographic profile of vitiligo patientsand its association with endocrine disorders and audiological and ocular abnormalities. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study conducted at a tertiary care hospital; 261 vitiligo patients were enrolled together with 100 age- and gender-matched healthy individuals without vitiligo as the controls. A detailed history and clinical examination, including audiological and ocular examination, was undertaken; blood investigations like random blood sugar, thyroid function tests, and serum cortisol levels were requested for all subjects. Results: Vitiligo vulgaris was the most common type of disease detected in 146 (55.93%) patients, followed by focal vitiligo in59 (22.60%), mucosal vitiligo in 31 (11.87%), acrofacial vitiligo in 16 (6.13%), segmental vitiligo in 8 (3.06%), and universal vitiligo in one (0.38%) patient. Endocrine disorders were noted in 40 (15.32%) patients, which included hypothyroidism in 27, hyperthyroidism in 5, and diabetes in 8 patients. Sensorineural hypoacusis andocular abnormalities were noted in 56 (21.45%) and 49 (18.77%) vitiligo patients respectively. The association of hypothyroidism, sensorineural hypoacusis, and ocular abnormalities with vitiligowas statistically significant. Conclusion: Vitiligo is not limited to cutaneous melanocytes; it also affects pigment cells throughout the body. Patients with increased age, prolonged duration of disease, and greater bodysurface area involvement are at increased risk for systemic associations. A thorough clinical evaluation seems necessary for all vitiligo patients.
Nasrin Saki; Mina Bazyar Sarani; Fatemeh Sari Aslani; Mohammad Mahdi Parvizi
Abstract
Primary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma-leg type (PCDLBCL‐LT) is a rare malignant disease seen in older adults, especially women. In this case report, we discuss a 78-year-old man who developed erythematous indurated plaques on his left shin for about three months. The patient did not report ...
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Primary cutaneous diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma-leg type (PCDLBCL‐LT) is a rare malignant disease seen in older adults, especially women. In this case report, we discuss a 78-year-old man who developed erythematous indurated plaques on his left shin for about three months. The patient did not report pruritus, weight loss, night sweats, fever, or chills. There was no lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, or hepatomegaly on the physical examination. A local tissue biopsy was taken from the plaques, confirming the diagnosis of PCDLBCL‐LT via immunohistochemistry. The patient was referred to an oncologist to begin additional evaluation and treatment. According to the literature, chemotherapy with or without adjuvant radiotherapy is the first treatment choice for PCDLBCL‐LT. Monotherapy with rituximab could be considered in some patients with this condition, but the disease may relapse in a short period.
Muhammed Mukhtar
Sugat Jawade; Bhushan Madke; Adarshlata Singh; Samiksha Chavhan
Abstract
An ectopic nail is an extremely infrequent disorder, also known as onychoheterotopia. Onychoheterotopia can present congenitally as well as in acquired form, although the acquired form is a rare occurrence. Ohya et al. first described the congenital ectopic nail in 1931. The growth of tissue resembling ...
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An ectopic nail is an extremely infrequent disorder, also known as onychoheterotopia. Onychoheterotopia can present congenitally as well as in acquired form, although the acquired form is a rare occurrence. Ohya et al. first described the congenital ectopic nail in 1931. The growth of tissue resembling nails at sites different from the nail bed is characteristic of this condition. Acquired type or post-traumatic ectopic nail has been postulated to be due to acute or repeated trauma to the nail unit followed by transfer and inoculation of the nail matrix at another site. A posttraumatic ectopic nail is rare and unusual, making its diagnosis and management important. Histopathological correlation is necessary to confirm the diagnosis and differentiate it from other nail conditions. Here, a classic case of a post-traumatic ectopic nail in the left little finger in a male laborer following a cut injury is reported. The ectopic nail had horizontal growth and was approximately 5 × 3 mm in size and 1 cm away from the normal nail. After surgical resection and biopsy of the resected part, it was successfully diagnosed as a nail of ectopic origin. This is a rare case of a post-traumatic ectopic nail on the little finger with horizontal growth away from the normal nail.
